Gambling is an activity in which participants risk something of value, such as money or goods, on the outcome of a random event, for example, by betting on sports events or playing casino games. It can be a fun and entertaining activity, but it can also have serious consequences for individuals and society. Pathological gambling is one such consequence, causing severe disruption to employment and relationships. It is currently the only behavioural addiction recognised by the American Psychiatric Association in its Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, and it must be treated as seriously as other psychiatric disorders such as autism or schizophrenia.

While the positive effects of gambling are often overlooked, the negative impacts are well documented. These impacts affect gamblers, their significant others, and the wider community. Studies focusing solely on problem gambling have often ignored external costs, and social impacts, whereas a public health approach can incorporate all harms associated with gambling.

Many people use gambling as a way to self-soothe unpleasant emotions or to relieve boredom. It can also be a way to socialize and feel connected to others. However, there are healthier and more effective ways to deal with these feelings. For example, you can exercise, spend time with friends who don’t gamble, or practice relaxation techniques.

Using gambling to deal with stress is also not a good idea. It can cause an increase in heart rate, and you may become tense or irritable. It can also lead to other addictive behaviours, such as drug and alcohol abuse.

Some people have a genetic predisposition to becoming addicted to gambling, while others develop an addiction through a combination of environmental and biological factors. The environment can include the social and cultural factors of a community, as well as the availability of gambling venues and promotions. Biological factors can include certain medications and the presence of a family history of gambling problems.

The most important factor in reducing the risk of gambling is to have a strong support network. It is helpful to join a peer support group, such as Gamblers Anonymous, which is based on the twelve-step recovery model of Alcoholics Anonymous. There are also professional services, such as family therapy and credit counselling, which can help you to resolve specific issues caused by your gambling and create a foundation for long-term recovery.